PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.